Speech Level | Non-honorific examples | Honorific examples (-시-) | Usage | |
1 | Formal & Polite | -ㅂ/습니다 (까?) - - 았/었/였습니다 | -ㅂ니다(→십니다) | news; business settings |
2 | Formal & Casual | lời nói gián tiếp; văn viết | ||
3 | Informal & Polite | - 아/어/여요 - ㄹ/을 거예요 - 았/었/였어요 | - (으)세요 - (으)셨어요 | lịch sự; khoảng cách xã hội |
4 | Informal & Casual (반말) | - 아/어/여; (이)야 - ㄹ/을 거야 | - 셔 | bạn bè thân; người ít tuổi hơn |
Speech levels > | suffixes, endings 어미 |
1. Simple Present - Formal (High) | -(으)십니다; [(으)십니까?] |
2. Simple Present - Formal | -ㅂ/습니다 |
3. Simple Present - Standard (High) | -(으)세요; [(으)세요?] |
4. Simple Present - Standard | -아/어/여요 |
5. Simple Present - Casual | -아/어/여 |
6. Simple Present - Low Casual | -ㄴ/는다 |
1. Simple Past - Formal High | -(으)셨습니다; [(으)셨습니까?] |
2. Simple Past - Formal | -았/었/였습니다 |
3. Simple Past - Standard (High) | -(으)셨어요 |
4. Simple Past - Standard | -었/았/였어요 |
5. Simple Past - Casual | -었/았/였어 |
6. Simple Past - Low Casual | -었/았/였다 |
1. Future (Definite) - Formal (High) | -(으)시겠습니다 |
2. Future (Definite) - Formal | -겠습니다 |
3. Future (Definite) - Standard (High) | -(으)시겠어요 |
4. Future (Definite) - Standard | -겠어요 |
5. Future (Definite) - Casual | -겠어 |
6. Future (Definite) - Low Casual | -겠다 |
1. Future (Probable) - Formal (High) | -(으)실겁니다 |
2. Future (Probable) - Formal | -(ㄹ/을)겁니다 |
3. Future (Probable) - Standard (High) | -(으)실거예요 |
4. Future (Probable) - Standard | -(ㄹ/을)거예요 |
5. Future (Probable) - Casual | -(ㄹ/을)거야 |
6. Future (Probable) - Low Casual | -(ㄹ/을)거다 |
1. Imperative - Formal (High) | -(으)십시오 |
2. Imperative - Formal | -(으)십시오 |
3. Imperative - Standard (High) | -(으)세요 |
4. Imperative - Standard | -아/어/여요 |
5. Imperative - Casual | -아/어/여 |
6. Imperative - Low Casual | -아/어/여라 |
1. Proposition - Formal (High) | -(ᄇ/읍)시다 |
2. Proposition - Formal | -ᄇ/읍시다 |
3. Proposition - Standard (High) | -아/어/여요 |
4. Proposition - Standard | -아/어/여요 |
5. Proposition - Casual | -아/어/여 |
6. Proposition - Low Casual | -자 (See ㄹ/을까요? |
• busyatom-koreangrammar.blogspot.com Bảng chia động từ cho sẵn (so useful)